Tidal energy harnesses the kinetic and potential energy of ocean tides, which are driven by the gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun. Unlike wind and solar energy, tidal energy is highly predictable — tidal patterns can be forecast decades in advance. Current technologies include tidal barrages (dam-like structures across estuaries), tidal stream generators (underwater turbines), and dynamic tidal power systems. Global tidal energy potential is estimated at 1 TW, though practical constraints limit near-term capacity.